bit (binary digit):

Short for binary digit, the smallest unit of information on a machine. The term was first used in 1946 by John Tukey, a leading statistician and adviser to five presidents. A single bit can hold only one of two values: 0 or 1. More meaningful information is obtained by combining consecutive bits into larger units. For example, abyteis composed of 8 consecutive bits.

Computers are sometimes classified by the number of bits they canprocess at one time or by the number of bits they use to representaddresses. These two values are not always the same, which leads to confusion. For example, classifying a computer as a 32-bit machine might mean that its data registers are 32 bits wide or that it uses 32 bits to identify each address in memory. Whereas larger registers make a computer faster, using more bits for addresses enables a machine to support larger programs.

Graphics are also often described by the number of bits used to represent each dot. A 1-bit image ismonochrome; an 8-bit image supports 256 colors or grayscales; and a 24- or 32-bit graphic supports true color.

WHAT IS A BIT ????

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Programmer (Programador)

Computer programming (often shortened to programming) is a process that leads from an original formulation of acomputing problem to executable computer programs. Programming involves activities such as analysis, developing understanding, generating algorithms, verification of requirements of algorithms including their correctness and resources consumption, and implementation (commonly referred to as coding^[1][2]) of algorithms in a targetprogramming language. Source code is written in one or more programming languages (such as C, Fortran,JavaScript, Lisp, Python, Ruby, Smalltalk, etc.). 

The purpose of programming is to find a sequence of instructions that will automate performing a specific task or solving a given problem. The process of programming thus often requires expertise in many different subjects, including knowledge of the application domain, specialized algorithms and formal logic.

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Gigabyte

The term gigabyte is commonly used to mean either 1000³ bytes or 1024³ bytes. The latter originated as compromise technical jargon for byte multiples that needed to be expressed by the powers of 2 but lacked a convenient name. As 1024 (2¹⁰) is approximately 1000 (10³), roughly corresponding to SI multiples, it was used for binary multiples as well.

Base 10 definition

1 GB = 1000000000 bytes (= 1000³ B = 10⁹ B) is the definition recommended by the International System of Units (SI) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). This definition is used in networking contexts and most storage media, particularly hard drives, Flash-based storage, and DVDs, and is also consistent with the other uses of the SI prefix in computing, such as CPU clock speeds or measures of performance. The Mac OS X file manager from version 10.6 and higher is a notable example of this usage in software. Since Snow Leopard, file sizes are reported in decimal units.

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Keylogger (Registrador de letras)

Es un tipo de software que se encarga de registrar las pulsaciones que se realizan en el teclado, para memorizarlas en un fichero y/o enviarlas a través de internet.

It is a type of software that is responsible for recording keystrokes that are made on the keyboard, to memorize them in a file and / or send them via internet.

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Information (Información)

The information consists of a data set and monitored and sorted, used to construct a phenomenon based on a certain message or entity. The information helps us solve problems and make decisions, as their rational use is the basis of knowledge.

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Database (Base de datos)

A database is a collection of information organized to provide efficient retrieval. The collected information could be in any number of formats (electronic, printed, graphic, audio, statistical, combinations). There are physical (paper/print) and electronic databases.

A database could be as simple as an alphabetical arrangement of names in an address book or as complex as a database that provides information in a combination of formats.

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Firewall

In computing, a firewall is a nertwork security system that controls the incoming and outgoing network traffic based on an applied rule set. A firewall establishes a barrier between a trusted, secure internal network and another network (e.g., the Internet) that is assumed not to be secure and trusted. Firewalls exist both as software to run on general purpose hardware and as a hardware appliance. Many hardware-based firewalls also offer other functionality to the internal network they protect, such as acting as a DHCP server for that network.

Many personal computer operating systems include software-based firewalls to protect against threats from the public Internet. Many routers that pass data between networks contain firewall components and, conversely, many firewalls can perform basic routing functions.